Urban theory: A critical introduction to power,cities and urbanism in the 21st century by A. Harding and T. Blokland,Sage, London, 2014. 294 pp. ISBN 978‐1‐4462‐9452‐9.          下载免费PDF全文

Francis L. Collins 《New Zealand geographer》2015,71(1):64-65

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Changes in the Geometry and Volume of Rabots glaciär,Sweden, 2003–2011: Recent Accelerated Volume Loss Linked to More Negative Summer Balances          下载免费PDF全文

Keith A. Brugger  Latysha Pankratz 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2015,97(2):265-278

Terminus geometry, ice margins, and surface elevations on Rabots glaciär were measured using differential GPS during summer 2011 and compared with those similarly measured in 2003. Glacier length over the eight years decreased by ～105 m corresponding to 13 m a^?1, a rate consistent with ice recession over the last several decades. Measured changes in surface elevations show that between 2003 and 2011 the glacier's volume decreased by ～27.6 ± 2.6 × 10⁶ m³, or 3.5 ± 0.3 × 10⁶ m³ a^?1. This compares favorably with an estimate of ?28.1 ± 2.6 × 10⁶ m³ based on a mass‐balance approach. The rate of volume loss appears, however, to have significantly increased after 2003, being substantially greater than rates determined for the intervals 1959–80, 1980–89, and 1989–2003. This increase corresponds to a sustained interval of more negative summer balances. Previous work suggests that as of 2003 Rabots glaciär had not yet completed its response to a ～1°C warming that occurred c. 1900, and thus the current marked increase rate of ice loss might reflect the effect of recent, or accelerated regional warming that occurred during the last decade superimposed on its continued response to that earlier warming.  相似文献   

Understanding Place Attachment to the County in the American Great Plains          下载免费PDF全文

Jeffrey S. Smith  Jordan M. McAlister 《Geographical review》2015,105(2):178-198

The American Great Plains is a region dominated by a flat, treeless, semiarid environment that has challenged population settlement for over 140 years. As railroad companies successfully attracted pioneers to settle the land, state governments established hundreds of counties. Following Jeffersonian ideals, many of the counties were small in area so they could better serve the local agricultural‐based population. When states established these counties, they envisioned that the population would continue to grow and the Great Plains would become the breadbasket of North America. Unfortunately that did not materialize. A succession of hardships combined with serious environmental constraints has discouraged large‐scale settlement in the region. Many counties reached their maximum population in the early 1900s and their totals have decreased ever since (in some counties by as much as 60 percent to 80 percent). This has led a number of government officials to consider consolidating counties much like school districts have been combined. Using Logan and Gove counties in western Kansas as a case study, our purpose is to understand how attached people are to the county in which they live. Employing multiple methods, we gathered information about how different segments of the population regard their local county. We learned that changing computer technology and the Internet has the biggest impact on peoples' attachment to the county seat.  相似文献   

Macau’s role as a recreation/tourist center in the Pearl River Delta city-region     

Clifton W. Pannell  Philip H. Loughlin 《Urban geography》2015,36(6):883-904

The return of Macau to Chinese sovereignty in 1999 brought far-reaching change to Macau as a special administrative region (SAR). China’s policy and plans for a revitalized Macau as a key urban node offers an opportunity to conceptualize a leading role for Macau as the pre-eminent recreational and tourist center in the dynamic and globally connected Pearl River Delta city-region. We examine and assess the new policies that have led to Las Vegas-style casinos bringing explosive growth in visitors, gambling revenues, and Macau’s economy. New problems of corruption, crime, and social pathologies have appeared as well owing in part to the secretive VIP gambling centers for high rollers from the mainland. Has Macau met China’s goals and expectations for a great tourist and recreational center? Our findings indicate a mixed record with more challenges emerging in the wake of China’s recent anti-corruption campaign.  相似文献   

Changes in bedrock channel morphology driven by displacement rate increase during normal fault interaction and linkage          下载免费PDF全文

Michael C. Hopkins  Nancye H. Dawers 《Basin Research》2015,27(1):43-59

We attribute changes in the morphology of relay ramp channels (increased slope and decreased width) to variations in displacement rate on ramp‐adjacent normal faults. We map the faults and fluvial channels associated with four sites in different stages of fault interaction and linkage on the Volcanic Tableland, a Late Pleistocene ash‐flow tuff in east‐central California. Because these channels are inactive today, we estimate downstream changes in channel width and depth using HEC‐RAS, a one‐dimensional open channel flow model. Our results show that channel slope must be greater than about 0.05 before there are substantial decreases in width or substantial increases in depth. Displacement rate increases during interaction between en echelon segments results in the increases in channel slope and decreases in channel width. Moreover, our data show that these changes begin to occur during the very early stages of fault interaction, well before the fault geometry would indicate ongoing or imminent linkage.  相似文献   

Non‐unique stratal geometries: implications for sequence stratigraphic interpretations          下载免费PDF全文

Peter M. Burgess  Guy D. Prince 《Basin Research》2015,27(3):351-365

There is now strong evidence that stratal geometries on basin margins are most likely a consequence of multiple controls, not just variations in accommodation. Consequently, correct sequence stratigraphic interpretation of stratal geometries requires an understanding of how multiple different controls may generate similar geometries. Using a simple numerical stratigraphic forward model, we explore the impact of time variable sediment supply and different sediment transport rates on stratal geometries. We demonstrate how four common types of stratal geometry can form by more than one set of controlling parameter values and are thus likely to be non‐unique, meaning that there may be several sets of controlling factors that can plausibly explain their formation. For example, a maximum transgressive surface can occur in the model due to an increase in rate of relative sea‐level rise during constant sediment supply, and due to a reduction in rate of sediment supply during a constant rate of relative sea‐level rise. Sequence boundaries, topset aggradation and shoreline trajectories are also examples of non‐unique stratal geometries. If the model simulations in this work are sufficiently realistic, then the modelled stratal geometries are important examples of non‐uniqueness, suggesting the need for a shift towards sequence stratigraphic methods based on constructing and evaluating multiple hypotheses and scenarios.  相似文献   

Geology and regional significance of the Sarnoo Hills,eastern rift margin of the Barmer Basin,NW India          下载免费PDF全文

Andrew J. Bladon  Stuart D. Burley  Stuart M. Clarke  Hazel Beaumont 《Basin Research》2015,27(5):636-655

The Barmer Basin is a poorly understood rift basin in Rajasthan, northwest India. Exposures in the Sarnoo Hills, situated along the central eastern rift margin of the Barmer Basin, reveal a sedimentary succession that accumulated prior to the main Barmer Basin rift event, and a rift‐oblique fault network that displays unusual geometries and characteristics. Here, we present a comprehensive study of Lower Cretaceous sedimentology on the basin margin, along with a detailed investigation of rift‐oblique faults that are exposed nowhere else in the region and provide critical insights into Barmer Basin evolution. Lower Cretaceous sediments were deposited within a rapidly subsiding alluvial plain fluvial system. Subsequent to deposition, the evolving Sarnoo Hills fault network was affected by structural inheritance during an early, previously unrecognised, rift‐oblique extensional event attributed to transtension between India and Madagascar, and formed a juvenile fault network within the immediate rift‐margin footwall. Ghaggar‐Hakra Formation deposition may have been triggered by early rifting which tectonically destabilised the Marwar Craton prior to the main northeast–southwest Barmer Basin rift event. The identification of early rifting in the Barmer Basin demonstrates that regional extension and the associated rift systems were established throughout northwest India prior to the main phase of Deccan eruptions. Inheritance of early oblique fault systems within the evolving Barmer Basin provides a robust explanation for poorly understood structural complications interpreted in the subsurface throughout the rift. Critically, the presence of syn‐rift sedimentary successions within older oblique rift systems obscured beneath the present‐day Barmer Basin has significant implications for hydrocarbon exploration.  相似文献   

The Illegal City: Space,Law and Gender in a Delhi Squatter Settlement by Ayona Datta. Ashgate,Farnham, Surrey and Burlington,Vermont, 2012, pp. xii + 198 (ISBN 978‐1‐4094‐4554‐8) (hbk).          下载免费PDF全文

Jason R. Bonin 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2015,36(1):129-130

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The fate of waste in Hawaii: Technology assessment and solid waste planning in Hawaii, 1968–78          下载免费PDF全文

Jordan P. Howell 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2015,36(1):67-82

In this article I consider the initial period of solid waste management planning in the US state of Hawaii. The State encountered a number of economic and ecological controversies during its solid waste management planning, a process that was prompted by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Some issues, like project financing, were common across the US, while others, such as the potential of waste materials to reduce reliance on imported food and materials, were more unique to Hawaii. The controversies from this initial planning period were never quite fully resolved; as they lingered, they were interpreted differently across the Islands. Based on a close reading of government, advocacy group, waste industry and news media documents, I examine the controversies over solid waste management of the time and consider how the ‘dual nature’ of waste in Hawaii—simultaneously an ecological threat and (potential) economic input—shaped the adoption of solid waste management systems there. This article adds to an expanding literature examining infrastructure in environmental and technology histories.  相似文献   

Temporal trends in cyanobacteria revealed through DNA and pigment analyses of temperate lake sediment cores     

S. Pal  I. Gregory-Eaves  F. R. Pick 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2015,54(1):87-101

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